Adult

Cancer, head & neck, after excision

After excision of head & neck cancer or radical neck dissection, routine post-operative antibiotic therapy is NOT recommended. 
 
For a few cases, antimicrobial treatment may be considered when operating on an infected area or rarely, where there is heavy contamination of surgical sites, such as:-
  • Anastamotic salivary leak
  • Pharyngeal excision
  • Surgical site infection
Review the need for antibiotics daily post op and aim to stop within 72 hours.
 
Antibiotics should NOT be prescribed for patients "awaiting a swallow test" or "until drains out".
 
Agents with lower risk of resistance and Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI) (i.e.WHO AWaRe Classification 'Access' group) are preferred. 
 
See also: antibiotic guidelines for serious deep neck space infections occurring after head and neck cancer surgery

Preferred

amoxicillin 500mg po tds (iv if NBM)

Alternative

For penicillin allergy (non-severe)

cefalexin 500mg po tds OR cefazolin 1g iv tds

For penicillin allergy (severe) Or for MRSA positive patients:

co-trimoxazole 960mg po bd (iv if NBM)

Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 01 May 2025